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Functional Behavior Assessment
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Functional Behavior Assessment at Positive Reinforcement
A Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) is often the first step in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). It helps figure out why a child with autism is showing certain behaviors. The goal is to understand the purpose behind the behavior—so a personalized treatment plan can be created to address it.
Why the Behavior Happens (Function Matters)
Once the reason for a behavior is clear, we can build strategies to reduce the problem behavior and teach a healthier, more appropriate way to get the same result.
Problem behaviors often serve one or more of these purposes:
- Getting attention
- Avoiding something
- Gaining access to something they want
- Seeking or avoiding sensory input
For example, a child might scream to get attention, avoid a task, or just enjoy the sound. Even if the behavior looks the same, the reason behind it matters—and each reason needs a different approach.
What an FBA Looks At:
The FBA helps identify:
- What the challenging behavior is
- Why it’s happening
- When, where, and with whom it happens—or doesn’t
- What’s currently reinforcing (rewarding) the behavior
- What more helpful behavior could be taught instead
- What kind of plan can support change
How the FBA Works
A trained professional will do a thorough review that might include:
- Direct observation
- Interviews with caregivers or teachers
- Questionnaires and rating scales
- Review of records
- Pattern and data analysis
All of this creates a clear picture of the child’s behavior and environment—and sets the foundation for the most effective ABA treatment plan possible.